{"id":49,"date":"2024-09-26T12:00:03","date_gmt":"2024-09-26T12:00:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/?p=49"},"modified":"2025-12-22T09:58:06","modified_gmt":"2025-12-22T09:58:06","slug":"kabul-ve-kararlilik-terapisi-act-psikopatoloji-yaklasimi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/index.php\/2024\/09\/26\/kabul-ve-kararlilik-terapisi-act-psikopatoloji-yaklasimi\/","title":{"rendered":"Kabul ve Kararl\u0131l\u0131k Terapisi (ACT) Psikopatoloji Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u00d6nceki yaz\u0131mda da ifade etti\u011fim \u00fczere ACT, psikolojik deste\u011fe ihtiya\u00e7 duyan bireyi “hasta” olarak nitelendirmez. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ACT uygulay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 her ne kadar psikopatoloji ile yak\u0131n temas halinde olsalar dahi, bireyin davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 incelerken farkl\u0131 bir pencereden bakarlar. Ki\u015fiyi zorlayan psikolojik rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ad\u0131 ister “kayg\u0131 bozuklu\u011fu”, ister “depresyon”, isterse “sosyal fobi” olsun, ACT semptom tespit etmek ve tan\u0131 koymaktan ziyade, halihaz\u0131rdaki problemi “psikolojik kat\u0131l\u0131k” olarak ele al\u0131r ve bunun nedenlerini ara\u015ft\u0131rarak farkl\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm teknikleri uygular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ACT, psikolojik kat\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131 farkl\u0131 boyutta inceler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Bili\u015fsel Birle\u015fme: S\u00f6zel i\u00e7eriklerin yani dilin, davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 manip\u00fcle etmesi anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle zihninde olu\u015fan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin yo\u011funlu\u011fundan dolay\u0131 ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu andaki \u00e7evre, nesne ve olaylar\u0131n fark\u0131nda olmamas\u0131 veya onlar\u0131 do\u011fru yorumlayamamas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu durumda ki\u015fi, zihninden ge\u00e7enlerin ger\u00e7e\u011fi yans\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yan\u0131lg\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde hatal\u0131 tepki verme e\u011filimindedir. Bili\u015fsel birle\u015fme i\u00e7in “bili\u015fsel ayr\u0131\u015fma” m\u00fcdahalesi uygulan\u0131r ve b\u00f6ylece ki\u015finin benli\u011fiyle zihnini birbirinden ay\u0131rt edebilmesi sa\u011flanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Ya\u015fant\u0131sal Ka\u00e7\u0131nma: Ki\u015finin, kendisini zorlayan hisler, bedensel belirtiler, an\u0131lar veya imajlar gibi i\u00e7sel ya\u015fant\u0131lardan uzakla\u015fmak i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurdu\u011fu, k\u0131sa vadede rahatlama sa\u011flasa da uzun vadede ki\u015fiyi tekrar ac\u0131yla y\u00fcz y\u00fcze getiren \u00e7e\u015fitli giri\u015fimler olarak tan\u0131mlanabilir. \u0130li\u015fkisel \u00c7er\u00e7eve Kuram\u0131 (RFT)’ na g\u00f6re i\u00e7sel ya\u015fant\u0131lar ile onlardan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak i\u00e7in ki\u015finin geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi y\u00f6ntemler bir s\u00fcre sonra dil arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ili\u015fkilendirilip \u00e7er\u00e7evelendirilmektedir. B\u00f6ylece olumsuz peki\u015ftire\u00e7 g\u00f6revi \u00fcstlenen bu faydas\u0131z y\u00f6ntemler ki\u015fiyi uzun vadeli hedefleriyle uyumlu hareket etmekten uzakla\u015ft\u0131racakt\u0131r. Ya\u015fant\u0131sal ka\u00e7\u0131nma i\u00e7in “Kabul” m\u00fcdahalesi uygulanarak ki\u015fi, kendisini zorlayan i\u00e7sel ya\u015fant\u0131lar\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131k, onlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na izin veren, onlarla sava\u015fmaktan \u00f6te onlara ra\u011fmen ilerleyen bir duru\u015f i\u00e7in g\u00f6n\u00fcllendirilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. An ile Temas\u0131n Kaybolmas\u0131 – Ge\u00e7mi\u015f veya Gelece\u011fe Ba\u011flanma: Ki\u015finin, rahats\u0131zl\u0131k duydu\u011fu i\u00e7sel ya\u015fant\u0131lar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 ruminasyon (ge\u00e7mi\u015fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme) veya endi\u015fe etme (gelece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme) zihinsel faaliyetlerinden kendini alamamas\u0131 ve an ile temas\u0131n\u0131 yitirmesi olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanabilir. Ki\u015finin i\u015flevselli\u011fini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkileyen bu bili\u015fsel s\u00fcre\u00e7lerle ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kabilmek ve ki\u015finin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fe kendini verebilmesi i\u00e7in dikkatini, i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu durumu fark etmeye odaklamas\u0131 gerekir. Bunu sa\u011flayabilmek ad\u0131na kendindelik (mindfulness) egzersizleri ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayattaki u\u011fra\u015f\u0131lar s\u0131ras\u0131nda dan\u0131\u015fan\u0131n kullanaca\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f y\u00f6nergeler kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Kavramsalla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Benli\u011fe Ba\u011flanma: Benli\u011fine dair “\u00e7irkinim”, “yetersizim”, “acizim” veya “ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131y\u0131m” gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli tan\u0131mlamalar ve etiketlerle bireyin kendini b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirmesidir. Bu etiketler ki\u015finin kendiyle ilgili ya\u015fam \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcne dayanan sabit b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, duygu, an\u0131 ve tutumlar\u0131 i\u00e7erebilir. Ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 bu kavramsalla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f etiketlerle \u00e7er\u00e7evelenen birey, ya\u015fam doyumuna ula\u015famaz ve hayat\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferleri do\u011frultusunda s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmekten uzakla\u015f\u0131r. Bireyin, benlik kavramlar\u0131yla aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n zay\u0131flat\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kendindelik egzersizleri, metaforlar ve ba\u011flamsal benlik m\u00fcdahaleleri gibi farkl\u0131 y\u00f6ntem ve teknikler kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. Ka\u00e7\u0131nma, Ka\u00e7ma ve D\u00fcrt\u00fcsellik: Kendisini zorlayan i\u00e7sel ya\u015fant\u0131lardan kurtulmak i\u00e7in bireyin \u00e7e\u015fitli yol ve y\u00f6ntemlere ba\u015fvurdu\u011funu daha \u00f6nce ifade etmi\u015ftik. Bu yol ve y\u00f6ntemler bir ortamdan, ki\u015fiden veya eylemden ka\u00e7ma (uzun vadeli oldu\u011funda ka\u00e7\u0131nma) \u015feklinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilece\u011fi gibi madde kullan\u0131m\u0131 veya kendine zarar verme gibi d\u00fcrt\u00fcsel davran\u0131\u015flar sergileme \u015feklinde de g\u00f6r\u00fclebilmektedir. Bunlar ki\u015fiyi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ac\u0131 veren duygu ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerden kurtarmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi yoklu\u011fu ac\u0131 veren \u00e7e\u015fitli ihtiya\u00e7lardan da mahrum b\u0131rak\u0131r. Y\u00fczle\u015ftirme, yarat\u0131c\u0131 umutsuzluk, hedef belirleme veya davran\u0131\u015f \u015fekillendirme m\u00fcdahaleleri kullan\u0131larak ki\u015finin farkl\u0131 durumlarda de\u011fer odakl\u0131 hareket etmesi sa\u011flanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  6. De\u011ferlerden Uzakla\u015fma – Kural Bask\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131: Bireyin kendisi taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen de\u011fer alanlar\u0131 ACT i\u00e7in destek noktas\u0131d\u0131r. Bireyi tabiri yerindeyse aya\u011fa kald\u0131racak kayna\u011f\u0131n ki\u015finin de\u011ferleri olmas\u0131 beklenir. De\u011ferler haricindeki kural, ele\u015ftiri, kayg\u0131, fobi vb. gibi unsurlar\u0131n ki\u015fiyi aksiyon almaya zorlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerde de\u011ferler h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrm\u00fcyor demektir ki bu durum ki\u015fiyi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme ula\u015ft\u0131rmayacakt\u0131r. ACT’ in nihai amac\u0131, bireyin de\u011ferleri do\u011frultusunda karar alabilen, hareket edebilen ve ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyebilen bir duruma gelmesini sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. Bunun i\u00e7in de\u011ferlerle temas m\u00fcdahaleleri uygulan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Birey, yukar\u0131da say\u0131lan boyutlar\u0131n biri veya birka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n etkisinde psikolojik kat\u0131l\u0131k halindedir ve bu durumdan kurtulmak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6ntemler onu rahatlatmaz. Bu y\u00f6ntemler onu belirli davran\u0131\u015fsal kal\u0131b\u0131n i\u00e7ine hapsetmi\u015ftir ve bu sarmal\u0131n i\u00e7erisinde birey psikolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan zorlanmaktad\u0131r\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u00d6nceki yaz\u0131mda da ifade etti\u011fim \u00fczere ACT, psikolojik deste\u011fe ihtiya\u00e7 duyan bireyi “hasta” olarak nitelendirmez. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ACT uygulay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 her ne kadar psikopatoloji ile yak\u0131n temas halinde olsalar dahi, bireyin davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 incelerken farkl\u0131 bir pencereden bakarlar. Ki\u015fiyi zorlayan psikolojik rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ad\u0131 ister “kayg\u0131 bozuklu\u011fu”, ister “depresyon”, isterse “sosyal fobi” olsun, ACT semptom tespit etmek ve tan\u0131…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":52,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-49","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\nKabul ve Kararl\u0131l\u0131k Terapisi (ACT) Psikopatoloji Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 - \u201cKendinle Temas, Ya\u015famla Uyum.\u201d<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/index.php\/2024\/09\/26\/kabul-ve-kararlilik-terapisi-act-psikopatoloji-yaklasimi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kabul ve Kararl\u0131l\u0131k Terapisi (ACT) Psikopatoloji Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 - \u201cKendinle Temas, Ya\u015famla Uyum.\u201d\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00d6nceki yaz\u0131mda da ifade etti\u011fim \u00fczere ACT, psikolojik deste\u011fe ihtiya\u00e7 duyan bireyi “hasta” olarak nitelendirmez. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ACT uygulay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 her ne kadar psikopatoloji ile yak\u0131n temas halinde olsalar dahi, bireyin davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 incelerken farkl\u0131 bir pencereden bakarlar. Ki\u015fiyi zorlayan psikolojik rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ad\u0131 ister “kayg\u0131 bozuklu\u011fu”, ister “depresyon”, isterse “sosyal fobi” olsun, ACT semptom tespit etmek ve tan\u0131…\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/index.php\/2024\/09\/26\/kabul-ve-kararlilik-terapisi-act-psikopatoloji-yaklasimi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u201cKendinle Temas, Ya\u015famla Uyum.\u201d\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-09-26T12:00:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-12-22T09:58:06+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/psikopatoloji-1-1024x683.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"683\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Mert Ozan \u0130nal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Mert Ozan \u0130nal\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/index.php\/2024\/09\/26\/kabul-ve-kararlilik-terapisi-act-psikopatoloji-yaklasimi\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/index.php\/2024\/09\/26\/kabul-ve-kararlilik-terapisi-act-psikopatoloji-yaklasimi\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Mert Ozan \u0130nal\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/#\/schema\/person\/046457e6610b8bd81bed19b2ca8441db\"},\"headline\":\"Kabul ve Kararl\u0131l\u0131k Terapisi (ACT) Psikopatoloji Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-09-26T12:00:03+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-12-22T09:58:06+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/index.php\/2024\/09\/26\/kabul-ve-kararlilik-terapisi-act-psikopatoloji-yaklasimi\/\"},\"wordCount\":919,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/#\/schema\/person\/046457e6610b8bd81bed19b2ca8441db\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/index.php\/2024\/09\/26\/kabul-ve-kararlilik-terapisi-act-psikopatoloji-yaklasimi\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/psikopatoloji-1.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"Uncategorized\"],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/index.php\/2024\/09\/26\/kabul-ve-kararlilik-terapisi-act-psikopatoloji-yaklasimi\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/index.php\/2024\/09\/26\/kabul-ve-kararlilik-terapisi-act-psikopatoloji-yaklasimi\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/index.php\/2024\/09\/26\/kabul-ve-kararlilik-terapisi-act-psikopatoloji-yaklasimi\/\",\"name\":\"Kabul ve Kararl\u0131l\u0131k Terapisi (ACT) Psikopatoloji Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 - 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Mizac\u0131m\u0131n her zaman uygun oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm ve ya\u015fam\u0131n beni kuca\u011f\u0131na s\u00fcr\u00fckleyece\u011fine inand\u0131\u011f\u0131m psikoloji alan\u0131na \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi' nde lisans e\u011fitimiyle giri\u015f yapt\u0131m ve Ondokuz May\u0131s \u00dcniversitesi' nden mezun olarak meslek hayat\u0131ma ba\u015flad\u0131m. \u0130nsanlar\u0131 ve onlar\u0131n davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 anlamaya y\u00f6nelik merak\u0131m psikolojiye olan ilgimi derinle\u015ftirirken, bu tutku beni \u00f6zellikle klinik alana y\u00f6nlendirdi. Psikolog olma s\u00fcrecine ad\u0131m ad\u0131m haz\u0131rlan\u0131rken, farkl\u0131 terapi ekollerine y\u00f6nelik olarak ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m e\u011fitimlerle teorik bilgimi uygulama f\u0131rsat\u0131 yakalad\u0131m. \u0130nsanlara destek olman\u0131n ve onlar\u0131n iyilik haline katk\u0131 sa\u011flaman\u0131n ne kadar anlaml\u0131 bir sorumluluk oldu\u011funun bilincinde bir psikolog olarak d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck, gizlilik ve sayg\u0131 prensiplerinin \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bireylerin en mahrem duygular\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcvenle payla\u015fabilecekleri bir ortam olu\u015fturmaya \u00f6zen g\u00f6steriyorum. Farkl\u0131l\u0131klara sayg\u0131 duymay\u0131 ve herkesle \u00f6nyarg\u0131s\u0131z bir \u015fekilde diyalog kurabilmeyi, ya\u015fam\u0131n bana \u00e7e\u015fitli tecr\u00fcbelerle hediye etti\u011fi \u00f6nemli erdemler aras\u0131nda de\u011ferlendiriyorum. Son olarak etik ilkeleri meslek hayat\u0131m\u0131n mihenk ta\u015flar\u0131 olarak kabul ediyor, ilkeli bir duru\u015fun verilen hizmete k\u0131ymet kataca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yorum.","sameAs":["https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com"],"url":"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/index.php\/author\/psikofdm\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=49"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":50,"href":"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49\/revisions\/50"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/52"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=49"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=49"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.psikologmertozaninal.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=49"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}